Tile for lining walls



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J. 0. ANDERSON. TILE FOR LINING WALLS, 850.

No. 351,614.- Patented. Oct. 26, 1886.

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Patented 001;. 26, 1886.

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UNITED STATES PATENT @rrrca JAMES C. ANDERSON, OF HIGHLAND PARK,ILLINOIS. v

TILE FOR LINING WALLS, 8w.

SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent No, 351,614, dated October26,1886. I

Application filed June 8, 1886.

My invention relates to a new wall-covering l or inside lining for thewalls of buildings, to

take the place of the ordinary plastering and, other frail coatings nowcommonly used for covering and ornamenting such walls; and it has forits object a wall-covering ornamental in design, having such anexceedingly firm bodytexture with a beauty of surface, finish,andcoloring as to resist entirely the ordinary abrasion which mar suchwalls, and which may be readilywashed and cleaned as often as desiredwithout dimming orspoili-ng the surface thereof; and my inventionconsists in covering the surface of the walls with a series of thinwaferlike tiles, made of dry-clay powder, with ornamental designs inrelief on the one sideand depressions on the other, as hereinafterdescribed.

.not practicable in the manipulation of clay Heretofore ordinaryflooring and ornamental tiles of about five-eighths of an inch inthickness have been used for decorative work for mantels, panels, andthe like; but in molding such articles for practical use, as insidelining, they must be of even size and free from warpage, in order tomember and fit properly to produce a suitable ornamental surface. Thisis by the wet process, or even semi'wet process. To make a hard densetile the clay must be pressed into form in a perfectly dry powderedcondition, and the air extracted from it in the 7 of the wall of theroom with my improved tiles of different designs secured thereto. Fig.4is

Serial No, 204,483. (No. model.)

a vertical sectional view of a portion of the Wall with the tilethereon.

A indicates the lining or facing-tile, which is by preference made ofclay, but may be made pwr othersuitable material which will not bedissolved by the action of the water used in washing the tiles. Thesetiles'are made very thin, preferably not over the onesixteenth of aninch in thickness, and from two to six inches square. The front portionof the tile may be ornamented with any suitable or desirable design inrelief or in depression, or they may be made plain, having afin-' ish ofthe natural color of the clay, or may be coated with any suitablevitreous enamel of any desired color or combination of colors.

When the tiles are formed with the design in relief on the front or faceof the same, a corresponding cavity or cavities are formed on the rearportion or back, as shown at a, Figs. 2 and 4:. These depressions orcavities or roughened portions are formed on the rear side of all of thetiles, whether they have a plain or ornamental face or not, to form atooth to which the cement will adhere and hold the tiles firmly inposition on the walls.

In Fig. 4, B indicates the wall; 0, the rough coat of plastering orother lining, and D the SB layer of cement,which holds the tiles A inposition on the walls, the cement being worked into the cavities a,which form atooth or roughened surface for the retention of. the cement.

As before stated, these tiles are made very thin and by the dry-clayprocesses patented to me at various times, and when they are put intoseggars to .be burned they are piled on top of each other, thuseffecting a saving in space in the kiln, which is a very important itemin the manufacture of tiles on a large scale.

Any desired finish or color may be given to thetiles, and,when put inpositionon the walls, give to the same a very finished and artisticappearance; and, furthermore, the walls are readily cleaned, and willnot retain unhealthy fumes or germs of disease.

As heretofore stated, it is not practical to makelthese tiles so thinand dense under the known processes and machines for manipulating clay;but by the methods and apparatusof feeding the clay to the molds by theforce of suction-as practiced by me, and as described and claimed in myapplications for Letters Patent filed January 20, 1886, Serial No.189,174, and Mary 6, 1886, Serial No. 201,303, I am enabled to draw thedrypowdered clay uniformly into the molds so as to fill all the cavitiesfor producing the designs in relief, and at the same time place thereina body of clay of uniform thickness, so that when the pressure isapplied no portion of the tile will be more densely pressed or containmore clay than the other portions, and in this way I am able to producetiles of a predetermined and uniform thickness and density.

Having thus described my invention, whatI claim is 1. A thin clay tileof uniform thickness and density, for the facings of interior Walls,hav- J. G. ANDERSON.

Witnesses:

FRANK L. BLAKE, OSCAR A. V. RUNNGREN.

